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输入某二叉树的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果,请重建该二叉树。假设输入的前序遍历和中序遍历的结果中都不含重复的数字。

例如,给出

前序遍历 preorder = [3,9,20,15,7]
中序遍历 inorder = [9,3,15,20,7]
返回如下的二叉树:

1
2
3
4
5
  3
/ \
9 20
/ \
15 7

限制:

0 <= 节点个数 <= 5000

1.递归

和leetcode 105一样. 在前序遍历中找到根节点, 然后中序遍历中查找根节点的位置, 得到左子树元素个数和右子树元素个数. 然后再递归的构造.

注意, 要先给中序遍历数组构建一个hashmap, 加快查找速度, 复杂度为O(n). 否则, 时间复杂度会退化到O(nlogn).

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/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
public TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder) {
for(int i = 0; i < inorder.length; ++i)
{
map.put(inorder[i], i);
}
return buildTree(preorder,inorder, 0, preorder.length -1, 0, inorder.length - 1);
}
private TreeNode buildTree(int[] preorder, int[] inorder, int preorderBegin, int preorderEnd, int inorderBegin, int inorderEnd)
{
if(preorderBegin > preorderEnd || inorderBegin > inorderEnd)
return null;
if(preorderBegin == preorderEnd)
{
if(inorderBegin == inorderEnd)
return new TreeNode(preorder[preorderBegin]);
else
throw new RuntimeException("traverse size not match");
}
int root = preorder[preorderBegin];
int rootIndex = map.get(root) - inorderBegin;
TreeNode ans = new TreeNode(root);
ans.left = buildTree(preorder, inorder, preorderBegin + 1, preorderBegin + rootIndex, inorderBegin, inorderBegin + rootIndex - 1);
ans.right = buildTree(preorder, inorder, preorderBegin + rootIndex + 1, preorderEnd, inorderBegin + rootIndex + 1, inorderEnd);
return ans;
}
}